World Ozone Day:-We are all witnessing the unpredictable changes in weather in different parts of Niya, becoming hot in winter, cold in summer, drought during rainy season. For example, drought in Europe, drought in China and dreadful floods in Pakistan are warning every section. Generally, scientists have been citing the depletion of the ozone layer as the reason for the seasonal change, climate change. Researchers have been believing that CFCs i.e. chlorofluorocarbons are responsible for the depletion of the ozone layer. But now according to new information, only ozone is not responsible.
Iodine is the new enemy
Over a hundred researchers from 20 countries, including the Indian Institute of Tropical Meteorology (IITM Pune), joined hands to analyze changes in the Arctic in collaboration with the Extreme Environment Research Laboratory, Switzerland, the Cyprus Institute and the NOAA Physics Laboratory. The researchers found that chemical reactions between iodine and ozone were the second largest contributor to the loss of surface ozone.
The team of researchers made observations on a ship in the High Arctic region from March to October 2020 and found that iodine increases ozone depletion in the troposphere during the spring season. They developed a chemical model to show that the chemical reactions between iodine and ozone are the second largest contributors to the loss of surface ozone. Iodine emissions have increased due to increased human activities. Atmospheric increases in iodine loading, as well as the thinning and shrinking of Arctic sea ice, are expected to increase iodine emissions in the near future. Therefore, the precise quantification of the ozone budget in the Arctic should be considered.
Ozone acts as a shield
The ozone layer is found in the troposphere, the lower 10 km of the atmosphere, and the stratosphere, which extends 10-50 km above the ground. According to the World Meteorological Department ozone is a form of oxygen in which the molecules carry three atoms instead of two and acts as a shield to protect us from harmful ultraviolet radiation from the sun. Ozone has been attacked by chlorine (CFC) and bromine compounds, which were being used extensively in refrigerants, pesticides, solvents and fire extinguishers. This led to the development of a large hole in the ozone layer which has since been closed.
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